diff --git a/gtk2_ardour/editor_mouse.cc b/gtk2_ardour/editor_mouse.cc
index 61a0fdd420..4723a0a66a 100644
--- a/gtk2_ardour/editor_mouse.cc
+++ b/gtk2_ardour/editor_mouse.cc
@@ -2799,7 +2799,6 @@ Editor::region_drag_motion_callback (ArdourCanvas::Item* item, GdkEvent* event)
 		set<boost::shared_ptr<Playlist> > affected_playlists;
 		pair<set<boost::shared_ptr<Playlist> >::iterator,bool> insert_result;
 		
-		// TODO: Crossfades need to be copied!
 		for (list<RegionView*>::const_iterator i = selection->regions.by_layer().begin(); i != selection->regions.by_layer().end(); ++i) {
 			RegionView* rv;
 			
@@ -2807,7 +2806,7 @@ Editor::region_drag_motion_callback (ArdourCanvas::Item* item, GdkEvent* event)
 			
 			boost::shared_ptr<Playlist> to_playlist = rv->region()->playlist();
 			RouteTimeAxisView* atv = dynamic_cast<RouteTimeAxisView*>(&rv->get_time_axis_view());
-			
+
 			insert_result = affected_playlists.insert (to_playlist);
 			if (insert_result.second) {
 				session->add_command (new MementoCommand<Playlist>(*to_playlist, &to_playlist->get_state(), 0));
@@ -3227,7 +3226,7 @@ Editor::region_drag_motion_callback (ArdourCanvas::Item* item, GdkEvent* event)
 
 			/* hide any dependent views */
 
-//			rv->get_time_axis_view().hide_dependent_views (*rv);
+			rv->get_time_axis_view().hide_dependent_views (*rv);
 				
 			/* this is subtle. raising the regionview itself won't help,
 			   because raise_to_top() just puts the item on the top of
diff --git a/libs/ardour/ardour/crossfade.h b/libs/ardour/ardour/crossfade.h
index 946d35b8e0..62ab1f775d 100644
--- a/libs/ardour/ardour/crossfade.h
+++ b/libs/ardour/ardour/crossfade.h
@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ class Crossfade : public PBD::StatefulDestructible, public boost::enable_shared_
 	AnchorPoint          _anchor_point;
 	bool                 _follow_overlap;
 	bool                 _fixed;
+	int32_t               layer_relation;
 	Curve _fade_in;
 	Curve _fade_out;
 
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ class Crossfade : public PBD::StatefulDestructible, public boost::enable_shared_
 
 	void initialize ();
 	int  compute (boost::shared_ptr<ARDOUR::AudioRegion>, boost::shared_ptr<ARDOUR::AudioRegion>, CrossfadeModel);
-	bool update (bool force);
+	bool update ();
 
 	void member_changed (ARDOUR::Change);
 };
diff --git a/libs/ardour/audio_playlist.cc b/libs/ardour/audio_playlist.cc
index f3e71d320b..eefbeb7889 100644
--- a/libs/ardour/audio_playlist.cc
+++ b/libs/ardour/audio_playlist.cc
@@ -274,9 +274,14 @@ AudioPlaylist::refresh_dependents (boost::shared_ptr<Region> r)
 		if ((*x)->involves (ar)) {
 
 			if (find (updated.begin(), updated.end(), *x) == updated.end()) {
-				if ((*x)->refresh ()) {
-					/* not invalidated by the refresh */
-					updated.insert (*x);
+				try { 
+					if ((*x)->refresh ()) {
+						updated.insert (*x);
+					}
+				}
+
+				catch (Crossfade::NoCrossfadeHere& err) {
+					// relax, Invalidated during refresh
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -348,6 +353,7 @@ AudioPlaylist::check_dependents (boost::shared_ptr<Region> r, bool norefresh)
 		refresh_dependents (r);
 	}
 
+
 	if (!Config->get_auto_xfade()) {
 		return;
 	}
@@ -405,7 +411,6 @@ AudioPlaylist::check_dependents (boost::shared_ptr<Region> r, bool norefresh)
 				xfade_length = min ((nframes_t) 720, top->length());
 				
 				xfade = boost::shared_ptr<Crossfade> (new Crossfade (top, bottom, xfade_length, top->first_frame(), StartOfIn));
-				cerr << "StartOfIn is " << xfade << endl;
 				add_crossfade (xfade);
 				
 				if (top_region_at (top->last_frame() - 1) == top) {
@@ -415,7 +420,6 @@ AudioPlaylist::check_dependents (boost::shared_ptr<Region> r, bool norefresh)
 					*/
 					
 					xfade = boost::shared_ptr<Crossfade> (new Crossfade (bottom, top, xfade_length, top->last_frame() - xfade_length, EndOfOut));
-					cerr << "EndofOut is " << xfade << endl;
 					add_crossfade (xfade);
 				}
 				break;
diff --git a/libs/ardour/crossfade.cc b/libs/ardour/crossfade.cc
index 69f3cb32c1..337911d3e4 100644
--- a/libs/ardour/crossfade.cc
+++ b/libs/ardour/crossfade.cc
@@ -89,8 +89,6 @@ Crossfade::Crossfade (boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> in, boost::shared_ptr<Audio
 
 	_follow_overlap = false;
 
-	cerr << "A: follow overlap = " << _follow_overlap << endl;
-
 	_active = Config->get_xfades_active ();
 	_fixed = true;
 		
@@ -111,8 +109,6 @@ Crossfade::Crossfade (boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> a, boost::shared_ptr<AudioR
 	_active = act;
 
 	initialize ();
-
-	cerr << "K: follow overlap = " << _follow_overlap << endl;
 }
 
 Crossfade::Crossfade (const Playlist& playlist, XMLNode& node)
@@ -167,9 +163,6 @@ Crossfade::Crossfade (const Playlist& playlist, XMLNode& node)
 	if (set_state (node)) {
 		throw failed_constructor();
 	}
-
-	cerr << "D: follow overlap = " << _follow_overlap << endl;
-
 }
 
 Crossfade::Crossfade (const Crossfade &orig, boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> newin, boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> newout)
@@ -194,18 +187,15 @@ Crossfade::Crossfade (const Crossfade &orig, boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> newi
 	_in->suspend_fade_in ();
 
 	overlap_type = _in->coverage (_out->position(), _out->last_frame());
+	layer_relation = (int32_t) (_in->layer() - _out->layer());
 
 	// Let's make sure the fade isn't too long
 	set_length(_length);
-
-	cerr << "B: follow overlap = " << _follow_overlap << endl;
-
 }
 
 
 Crossfade::~Crossfade ()
 {
-	cerr << this << " Crossfade deleted\n";
 	notify_callbacks ();
 }
 
@@ -237,12 +227,212 @@ Crossfade::initialize ()
 	_fade_in.add (_length, 1.0);
 	_fade_in.thaw ();
 
-	_in->StateChanged.connect (sigc::mem_fun (*this, &Crossfade::member_changed));
-	_out->StateChanged.connect (sigc::mem_fun (*this, &Crossfade::member_changed));
+	// _in->StateChanged.connect (sigc::mem_fun (*this, &Crossfade::member_changed));
+	// _out->StateChanged.connect (sigc::mem_fun (*this, &Crossfade::member_changed));
 
 	overlap_type = _in->coverage (_out->position(), _out->last_frame());
+	layer_relation = (int32_t) (_in->layer() - _out->layer());
 }	
 
+nframes_t 
+Crossfade::read_at (Sample *buf, Sample *mixdown_buffer, 
+		    float *gain_buffer, nframes_t start, nframes_t cnt, uint32_t chan_n,
+		    nframes_t read_frames, nframes_t skip_frames)
+{
+	nframes_t offset;
+	nframes_t to_write;
+
+	if (!_active) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (start < _position) {
+
+		/* handle an initial section of the read area that we do not
+		   cover.
+		*/
+
+		offset = _position - start;
+
+		if (offset < cnt) {
+			cnt -= offset;
+		} else {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		
+		start = _position;
+		buf += offset;
+		to_write = min (_length, cnt);
+
+	} else {
+		
+		to_write = min (_length - (start - _position), cnt);
+		
+	}
+
+	offset = start - _position;
+
+	_out->read_at (crossfade_buffer_out, mixdown_buffer, gain_buffer, start, to_write, chan_n, read_frames, skip_frames);
+	_in->read_at (crossfade_buffer_in, mixdown_buffer, gain_buffer, start, to_write, chan_n, read_frames, skip_frames);
+
+	float* fiv = new float[to_write];
+	float* fov = new float[to_write];
+
+	_fade_in.get_vector (offset, offset+to_write, fiv, to_write);
+	_fade_out.get_vector (offset, offset+to_write, fov, to_write);
+
+	/* note: although we have not explicitly taken into account the return values
+	   from _out->read_at() or _in->read_at(), the length() function does this
+	   implicitly. why? because it computes a value based on the in+out regions'
+	   position and length, and so we know precisely how much data they could return. 
+	*/
+
+	for (nframes_t n = 0; n < to_write; ++n) {
+		buf[n] = (crossfade_buffer_out[n] * fov[n]) + (crossfade_buffer_in[n] * fiv[n]);
+	}
+
+	delete [] fov;
+	delete [] fiv;
+
+	return to_write;
+}	
+
+OverlapType 
+Crossfade::coverage (nframes_t start, nframes_t end) const
+{
+	nframes_t my_end = _position + _length;
+
+	if ((start >= _position) && (end <= my_end)) {
+		return OverlapInternal;
+	}
+	if ((end >= _position) && (end <= my_end)) {
+		return OverlapStart;
+	}
+	if ((start >= _position) && (start <= my_end)) {
+		return OverlapEnd;
+	}
+	if ((_position >= start) && (_position <= end) && (my_end <= end)) {
+		return OverlapExternal;
+	}
+	return OverlapNone;
+}
+
+void
+Crossfade::set_active (bool yn)
+{
+	if (_active != yn) {
+		_active = yn;
+		StateChanged (ActiveChanged);
+	}
+}
+
+bool
+Crossfade::refresh ()
+{
+	/* crossfades must be between non-muted regions */
+	
+	if (_out->muted() || _in->muted()) {
+		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/* layer ordering cannot change */
+
+	int32_t new_layer_relation = (int32_t) (_in->layer() - _out->layer());
+
+	if (new_layer_relation * layer_relation < 0) { // different sign, layers rotated 
+		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	OverlapType ot = _in->coverage (_out->first_frame(), _out->last_frame());
+
+	if (ot == OverlapNone) {
+		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
+		return false;
+	} 
+
+	bool send_signal;
+
+	if (ot != overlap_type) {
+
+		if (_follow_overlap) {
+
+			try {
+				compute (_in, _out, Config->get_xfade_model());
+			} 
+
+			catch (NoCrossfadeHere& err) {
+				Invalidated (shared_from_this());
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			send_signal = true;
+
+		} else {
+
+			Invalidated (shared_from_this());
+			return false;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		send_signal = update ();
+	}
+
+	if (send_signal) {
+		StateChanged (BoundsChanged); /* EMIT SIGNAL */
+	}
+
+	_in_update = false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+bool
+Crossfade::update ()
+{
+	nframes_t newlen;
+	
+	if (_follow_overlap) {
+		newlen = _out->first_frame() + _out->length() - _in->first_frame();
+	} else {
+		newlen = _length;
+	}
+	
+	if (newlen == 0) {
+		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
+		return false;
+	}
+	
+	_in_update = true;
+	
+	if ((_follow_overlap && newlen != _length) || (_length > newlen)) {
+		
+		double factor =  newlen / (double) _length;
+		
+		_fade_out.x_scale (factor);
+		_fade_in.x_scale (factor);
+		
+		_length = newlen;
+	} 
+		
+	switch (_anchor_point) {
+	case StartOfIn:
+		_position = _in->first_frame();
+		break;
+		
+	case EndOfIn:
+		_position = _in->last_frame() - _length;
+		break;
+		
+	case EndOfOut:
+		_position = _out->last_frame() - _length;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 int
 Crossfade::compute (boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> a, boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> b, CrossfadeModel model)
 {
@@ -409,192 +599,6 @@ Crossfade::compute (boost::shared_ptr<AudioRegion> a, boost::shared_ptr<AudioReg
 	return 0;
 }
 
-nframes_t 
-Crossfade::read_at (Sample *buf, Sample *mixdown_buffer, 
-		    float *gain_buffer, nframes_t start, nframes_t cnt, uint32_t chan_n,
-		    nframes_t read_frames, nframes_t skip_frames)
-{
-	nframes_t offset;
-	nframes_t to_write;
-
-	if (!_active) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (start < _position) {
-
-		/* handle an initial section of the read area that we do not
-		   cover.
-		*/
-
-		offset = _position - start;
-
-		if (offset < cnt) {
-			cnt -= offset;
-		} else {
-			return 0;
-		}
-		
-		start = _position;
-		buf += offset;
-		to_write = min (_length, cnt);
-
-	} else {
-		
-		to_write = min (_length - (start - _position), cnt);
-		
-	}
-
-	offset = start - _position;
-
-	_out->read_at (crossfade_buffer_out, mixdown_buffer, gain_buffer, start, to_write, chan_n, read_frames, skip_frames);
-	_in->read_at (crossfade_buffer_in, mixdown_buffer, gain_buffer, start, to_write, chan_n, read_frames, skip_frames);
-
-	float* fiv = new float[to_write];
-	float* fov = new float[to_write];
-
-	_fade_in.get_vector (offset, offset+to_write, fiv, to_write);
-	_fade_out.get_vector (offset, offset+to_write, fov, to_write);
-
-	/* note: although we have not explicitly taken into account the return values
-	   from _out->read_at() or _in->read_at(), the length() function does this
-	   implicitly. why? because it computes a value based on the in+out regions'
-	   position and length, and so we know precisely how much data they could return. 
-	*/
-
-	for (nframes_t n = 0; n < to_write; ++n) {
-		buf[n] = (crossfade_buffer_out[n] * fov[n]) + (crossfade_buffer_in[n] * fiv[n]);
-	}
-
-	delete [] fov;
-	delete [] fiv;
-
-	return to_write;
-}	
-
-OverlapType 
-Crossfade::coverage (nframes_t start, nframes_t end) const
-{
-	nframes_t my_end = _position + _length;
-
-	if ((start >= _position) && (end <= my_end)) {
-		return OverlapInternal;
-	}
-	if ((end >= _position) && (end <= my_end)) {
-		return OverlapStart;
-	}
-	if ((start >= _position) && (start <= my_end)) {
-		return OverlapEnd;
-	}
-	if ((_position >= start) && (_position <= end) && (my_end <= end)) {
-		return OverlapExternal;
-	}
-	return OverlapNone;
-}
-
-void
-Crossfade::set_active (bool yn)
-{
-	if (_active != yn) {
-		_active = yn;
-		StateChanged (ActiveChanged);
-	}
-}
-
-bool
-Crossfade::refresh ()
-{
-	/* crossfades must be between non-muted regions */
-	
-	if (_out->muted() || _in->muted()) {
-		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
-		return false;
-	}
-
-//	if (_in->layer() < _out->layer()) {
-//		cerr << this << " layer change, invalidated, in on " << _in->layer() << " out on " << _out->layer() << endl;
-//		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
-//		return false;
-//	}
-
-	/* overlap type must be Start, End or External */
-
-	OverlapType ot;
-	
-	ot = _in->coverage (_out->first_frame(), _out->last_frame());
-
-	/* overlap type must not have altered */
-	
-	if (ot != overlap_type) {
-		cerr << this << " Invalid B\n";
-		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
-		return false;
-	} 
-
-	/* time to update */
-
-	return update (false);
-}
-
-bool
-Crossfade::update (bool force)
-{
-	nframes_t newlen;
-
-	cerr << this << " update, " << _in->name() << " + " << _out->name() << " length = " << _length << endl;
-
-	if (_follow_overlap) {
-		newlen = _out->first_frame() + _out->length() - _in->first_frame();
-		cerr << "\tmodify length\n";
-	} else {
-		newlen = _length;
-	}
-
-	if (newlen == 0) {
-		cerr << this << " Invalid C\n";
-		Invalidated (shared_from_this());
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	_in_update = true;
-
-	if (force || (_follow_overlap && newlen != _length) || (_length > newlen)) {
-
-		double factor =  newlen / (double) _length;
-		
-		_fade_out.x_scale (factor);
-		_fade_in.x_scale (factor);
-		
-		_length = newlen;
-
-	} 
-
-	cerr << "\tFover = " << _follow_overlap << endl;
-
-	switch (_anchor_point) {
-	case StartOfIn:
-		_position = _in->first_frame();
-		break;
-
-	case EndOfIn:
-		_position = _in->last_frame() - _length;
-		break;
-
-	case EndOfOut:
-		_position = _out->last_frame() - _length;
-	}
-
-	/* UI's may need to know that the overlap changed even 
-	   though the xfade length did not.
-	*/
-	
-	StateChanged (BoundsChanged); /* EMIT SIGNAL */
-
-	_in_update = false;
-
-	return true;
-}
-
 void
 Crossfade::member_changed (Change what_changed)
 {
@@ -603,7 +607,15 @@ Crossfade::member_changed (Change what_changed)
 					    BoundsChanged);
 
 	if (what_changed & what_we_care_about) {
-		refresh ();
+		try { 
+			if (what_changed & what_we_care_about) {
+				refresh ();
+			}
+		}
+
+		catch (NoCrossfadeHere& err) {
+			// relax, Invalidated inside refresh()
+		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/ardour/playlist.cc b/libs/ardour/playlist.cc
index 019c008353..5ac877069e 100644
--- a/libs/ardour/playlist.cc
+++ b/libs/ardour/playlist.cc
@@ -1695,6 +1695,7 @@ Playlist::move_region_to_layer (layer_t target_layer, boost::shared_ptr<Region>
 
 	region->set_layer (target_layer);
 
+#if 0
 	/* now check all dependents */
 
 	for (list<LayerInfo>::iterator x = layerinfo.begin(); x != layerinfo.end(); ++x) {
@@ -1702,6 +1703,7 @@ Playlist::move_region_to_layer (layer_t target_layer, boost::shared_ptr<Region>
 	}
 	
 	check_dependents (region, false);
+#endif
 	
 	return 0;
 }